Category Archives: software

CloudCoreRouter and RouterOS v6.x (linked post)

mum, software, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Janis M. from MikroTik was kind enough to point me to a copy of his presentation from the Russian MUM which I feel is an incredible helpful document and well worth a read by all of the current CCR users out there.

I would highly encourage anyone running (or thinking of running) CCR’s on their network to review this document, which both explains both the current workings and limitations of the CCR series and v6 or RouterOS as well as discussing what changes will be made in v7

The Tiktube video for the presentation isn’t up just yet but I’ll come back and add it when it has been uploaded by MikroTik.

Some of the most useful points cover:

  • multi-core packet processing (how packets coming into the router are handled across the 16 or 36 cores available)
  • best-practise for queue tree setups
  • pptp/lt2p/pppoe changes for packet handling
  • best-practise for processing packets on the firewall (this is reiterating old instructions, but still holds true for v6)
  • why layer-7 is the last thing you should be using when tagging packets
  • how bgp is currently single-core in v6 and how routing protocols are changing in v7

Hopefully this is enough to catch your attention, now go get reading!

CloudCoreRouter and RouterOS v6.x – Tips and Tricks (Moscow MUM Russia 2014)

Gmail + Google Drive + MikroTik scripting = Automated Backups Folder

scripts, software, , , , , , , , , , , ,

I was recently looking for a simpler alternative to something like RANCID to periodically backup all our MikroTik configs.

RANCID is great and all, but I didn’t really need the diff copies of each file, and I was plenty happy just knowing that I have a .backup and .rsc file for each router I manage.

Given I use Gmail it might have been ok just to have each router send them there and leave it at that, but I’m not really the sort of person to half-ass my afterhours projects.. I learnt from Greg that you have to just whole-ass them 🙂

Continue reading Gmail + Google Drive + MikroTik scripting = Automated Backups Folder →

Enabling DSCP (ToS) Display Column in Wireshark

software, , , , , , ,

I found myself having to review some VoIP traffic related queries this week and while viewing a few packet captures realised there wasn’t and easy way to see what traffic was being tagged with different DSCP values.

I googled around for a little while and found that you can actually add a DSCP column to your wireshark view by following these steps:

1. Right click on one of the existing columns.
2. Click on column preferences
3. Click Add down the bottom
4. Click on the “New Column” Label and change it to “DSCP” then hit enter once.
5. With the new entry highlighted, change the Field Type to Custom (in the dropdown box)
6. In field name, copy and paste in ip.dsfield.dscp
7. Click Apply/Ok

You can drag the column back to the left side of the Info column (this was my preference as it’s easier to see) and you now have a simple view of the tag for any packet.

dscp

 Bonus: Here’s a table of DSCP and TOS values in their most common formats for reference.
TOS (Dec) TOS (Hex) TOS Precedence Name TOS Delay flag TOS Throughput flag TOS Reliability flag DSCP (Hex) DSCP (Dec) DSCP/PHB Class
0 0x00 Routine 0 0 0 0x00 0 none
4 0x04 Routine 0 0 1 0x01 1 none
8 0x08 Routine 0 1 0 0x02 2 none
12 0x0C Routine 0 1 1 0x03 3 none
16 0x10 Routine 1 0 0 0x04 4 none
32 0x20 Priority 0 0 0 0x08 8 cs1
40 0x28 Priority 0 1 0 0x0A 10 af11
48 0x30 Priority 1 0 0 0x0C 12 af12
56 0x38 Priority 1 1 0 0x0E 14 af13
64 0x40 Immediate 0 0 0 0x10 16 cs2
72 0x48 Immediate 0 1 0 0x12 18 af21
80 0x50 Immediate 1 0 0 0x14 20 af22
88 0x58 Immediate 1 1 0 0x16 22 af23
96 0x60 Flash 0 0 0 0x18 24 cs3
104 0x68 Flash 0 1 0 0x1A 26 af31
112 0x70 Flash 1 0 0 0x1C 28 af32
120 0x78 Flash 1 1 0 0x1E 30 af33
128 0x80 FlashOverride 0 0 0 0x20 32 cs4
136 0x88 FlashOverride 0 1 0 0x22 34 af41
144 0x90 FlashOverride 1 0 0 0x24 36 af42
152 0x98 FlashOverride 1 1 0 0x26 38 af43
160 0xA0 Critical 0 0 0 0x28 40 cs5
176 0xB0 Critical 1 0 0 0x2C 44 voice-admit
184 0xB8 Critical 1 1 0 0x2E 46 ef
192 0xC0 InterNetworkControl 0 0 0 0x30 48 cs6
224 0xE0 NetworkControl 0 0 0 0x38 56 cs7

Study guide: Moving up to RouterOS v6

software, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Given v6.0 stable is now upon us I’ve taken some time to collate some of the posts I’ve been familiarising myself with over the last few weeks to understand the major changes that have been implemented in this release and how to best upgrade and make use of these.

ros-v6

I’ve tagged some videos and forum posts below with topics breakdowns for ease of review

Continue reading Study guide: Moving up to RouterOS v6 →

ROS Syntax highlights in Notepad++

software, , , , , , ,

1. Download Notepad++: http://www.notepadplusplus.org

2. Install Notepad++

3. Download file RouterOS Syntax-Highlighter and extract the notepad++ xml file within.

4. Open Notepad++

5. Click Language > User-Defined > click Import button.
Import the xml file you unzipped.
6. Close and reopen Notepad++

7a. Open an .rsc script, and syntax highlighting will be visible.

7b. Alternatively open any file and select the “RouterOS” language option

Example highlighting

Thanks to dtoffo on the MikroTik forums for the original release of this highlighter.